P.C. Mahalanobis

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             P.C. Mahalanobis   A well-known Indian statistician and scientist, Mahalanobis is greatly popular for introducing new methods of sampling. His most significant contribution in the field of statistics was the 'Mahalanobis Distance'. Besides, he had also made pioneering studies in the field of anthropometry and had founded the Indian Statistical Institute.  Originally, the family of Mahalanobis belonged to Bikrampur, Bangladesh. As a child. Mahalanobis grew up in an environment surrounded by socially active refoemers and intellectuals. He had his initial education from Brahmo Boys School Calcutta. Further, he enrolled himself into Presidency College and got a BSc degree with specialisation in physics. In 1913, Mahalanobis left for England for ther stodies and came in contact with S. Ramanujan, the famous mathematician from India. After completion of his studies. he returned
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Dr. Har Govid Khorana

         Har Govid Khorana

Har Govind Khorana was born on 9 January 1922 in small village called Raipur in Punjab (now in Pakistan) and was the youngest of five siblings. His father was  a patwari, an agricultural taxation clerk in British India.
 
Khorana did his preliminary schooling at home. Later he joined the DAV High School in Multan. He graduated in science from Punjab University, Lahore, in 1943 and went on to acquire his Masters in science in 1945. He joined the University of Liverpool for his doctoral work and obtained his doctorate in 1948, He did postdoctoral work at Switzerland's Federal Institute of Technology, where he met Esther Sibler who became his wife. Later, he took up a job at the British Columbia Research Council in Vancouver and continued his pioneering work on proteins and nucleic acids.

 Khorana joined the University of Wisconsin in 1960, and 10 years later, joined Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). 

Dr Khorana received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 along with M.W. Nirenberg and R.W. Holley for the interpretation of the genetic code, its function and protein synthesis. Till his death, he was the Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Biology and Chemistry Emeritus at MIT. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Vibhushan in 1969.
 

He won numerous prestigious awards, including the Albert Lasker award for medical research, the National Medal of Science, the Ellis Island Medal of Honour, and so on. But he remained modest throughout his life and stayed away from the glare of publicity. 

In a note after winning the Nobel Prize, Dr Khorana wrote: 'Although poor, my father was dedicated to educating his children and we were practically the only literate family in the village inhabited by about 100 people'. Following his father's footsteps, Dr Khorana imparted education to thousands of students for more than half a century, He was more interested in the next project and experiments than cashing in on his fame. He was borm in a poor family in a small village in Punjab, and by dint of sheer talent and tenacity rose to be one of science's immortals. Dr Har Govind Khorana died in a hospital in Concord, Massachusetts, on 9 November 2011.
Location: Raipur, Punjab 151505, India

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